By default DAG is configured to use compression and encryption only for intersubnet replication replication.
[PS] C:\>Get-DatabaseAvailabilityGroup | fl Name,NetworkEncryption,NetworkCompression
Name : DAG2010
NetworkEncryption : InterSubnetOnly
NetworkCompression : InterSubnetOnly
Name : DAG2013
NetworkEncryption : InterSubnetOnly
NetworkCompression : InterSubnetOnly
It is a good practice to enable them on all DAG networks and for both replication and seeding by executing the following Powershell:
[PS] C:\>Get-DatabaseAvailabilityGroup DAG2010 | Set-DatabaseAvailabilityGroup -NetworkEncryption Enabled -NetworkCompression Enabled
[PS] C:\>Get-DatabaseAvailabilityGroup DAG2013 | Set-DatabaseAvailabilityGroup -NetworkEncryption Enabled -NetworkCompression Enabled
(Each DAG version must be configured executing the powershell in the Exchange of the same version)
[PS] C:\>Get-DatabaseAvailabilityGroup | fl Name,NetworkEncryption,NetworkCompression
Name : DAG2010
NetworkEncryption : Enabled
NetworkCompression : Enabled
Name : DAG2013
NetworkEncryption : Enabled
NetworkCompression : Enabled
For technicals details:
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd298065%28v=exchg.150%29.aspx